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  1. WI E.M. Forster published Maurice in the 1920's?

    The English author E.M. Forster wrote a novella titled Maurice between 1912 to 1914. His novella concerns the gay love affairs of a young man (early to mid 20's-ish) named Maurice Hall. The novella is tame and almost prudish by modern standards. Sex is never mentioned but glossed over with...
  2. WI the Vatican became a quasi-constitutional monarchy?

    Here's a write up a wrote for a Catholic discussion group Renegade Trads http://renegadetrad.blogspot.com/. The writeup references an America magazine article from May 17, 2010. America is the national journal of the Jesuits in the U.S. The article referenced is at...
  3. A radically smaller euro currency zone

    WI The 2002 euro banknote rollout was limited to France and Germany initially? The current Greek debt crisis underscores one glaring fault of eurozone ambition: rapid expansion without a contingency plan for the tottering Mediterranean economies. I can see why the Germans and the British...
  4. Alternate articular/pronominal systems in the vulgar Latin to Romance spectrum

    The definite articles of western Romance languages have developed definite articles where Classical and Ecclesiastical Latin have none. All the modern Romance definite articles are derivatives of the pronoun ille, "that one". ille refers to a definite object completely distinguished from the...
  5. Latin overtook Greek as the primary language of the eastern Roman Empire?

    It's well known that Hellenistic culture did not cease after Roman domination of Greece, Asia Minor, Judaea, and adjacent regions. Many still spoke the common or Koine Greek (i.e. New Testament Greek). Educated ethnic Romans, even those before the principate such as Cicero, were fluent in Greek...
  6. Enduring Protestantism in Poland?

    WI Poland, like Hungary, maintained a significant Protestant population to the current day? Poland today is a bulwark of Roman Catholicism, perhaps to fanaticism at times. Protestant communities exist, but are very small in number. What would it take to sustain a larger historical Lutheran...
  7. WI 1970s British Leyland sold products that actually worked?

    Some people both inside and outside Britain have asserted that 1970's British Leyland produced ill-designed, poorly made vehicles that were at best boring in design and at worse downright ugly. Some futher contend that sclerotic management and inefficient labor practices doomed the company and...
  8. WI Luther did not challenge Catholic sacramental doctrine?

    WI Luther did not challenge key aspects of Catholic doctrine, and remained committed to political reform of the Roman Church only? As is well known, Luther's initial concerns rested with Rome's abuse of indulgences as income generators for the papacy. Also high among his concerns was the abuse...
  9. How much did the Ottomans know about Reformation theology?

    Did the Ottomans understand the theological nuances of the Reformation? I know that the Ottomans crossed paths with the early Calvinist movement in Hungarian lands. Did they realize that Calvinism was a significant theological and liturgical movement within the nascent Reformation...
  10. WI TELEX used more frequently today?

    TELEX is a now almost obsolete process of transmitting teletype over telephone lines. From the 40s to the 80s it was a pre-eminent communications method, even though bit/s rates were grotesquely slow compared to modern standards. Later on TELEX was automated by use of punchcards or tape, and...
  11. WI no Touchtone?

    WI AT&T Labs never invented Touchtone? Touchtone was introduced to the American public in the mid-60's, famously at the New York World's Fair in 1964. Before mid to late 70's in the US, almost all telephones (save large corporations, telephone installations, and the government) had a "rotary...
  12. WI US Dollar goes into 10x inflation?

    WI the US dollar goes into 10x inflation? In other words, the effective purchasing power of $10 = $1 today, $100 = $10 today etc. Let's say that the trillion+ deficit becomes such a burden that the dollar sinks very low due to printing unbacked money. Subsequently, low market confidence in...
  13. WI daguerreotype photographic process discovered earlier?

    WI the daguerreotype photo process was discovered a hundred or even two hundred years before its discovery in 1820s -- 1830s France? The basic camera obscura was known from Renaissance times, yet it took until the early 19th century to mate the projection of an image onto a dark panel with the...
  14. Cramner and the liturgical birth of Anglicanism

    WI Thomas Cramner's Prayer Book of 1549 was nothing more than an English translation of the Sarum rite? In OTL, Cramner intentionally removed important parts of Catholic theology from the first Prayer Book, such as the Sacrifice of the Mass, prayers for the dead, and transubstantiation, for...
  15. WI No Japanese Car Invasion

    WI the Japanese car industry never made the rapid and stellar advances in the US auto market? How would this affect the US auto industry and American economics as a whole? How would this effect the size and weight of cars? Would Americans still have developed a desire for smaller, more fuel...
  16. CHALLENGE: Metric US Highway Signage by 1990

    Challenge is: full conversion of all of the US highway signs and mile markers to the metric system by 1990. Store weights and prices may remain in lbs. Football will remain in yards. Just the highway system. What I'm aiming for is the situation that Canada has now: metric highway signage and...
  17. WI the Papal States survive to the present day

    Okay, this WI butterflies away much of the Risorgimento. Let's say that the Pope still holds significant temporal powers beyond ruling a OTL postage stamp. He's got all of Rome and all of Lazio for certain, with possibilities for some of the land holdings that were taken away during the 19th...
  18. WI Chinese in Cyrillic or Roman alphabets?

    I have read that Mao Zedong once toyed with the idea of writing Chinese in the Cyrillic or Roman alphabets. Presumably, Mao wanted to increase literacy. Yet there are quite a few challenges with this idea, such as: *how to switch from ideographic to alphabetic language. Vietnamese did...
  19. WI an independent Quebec adopted the Euro?

    This is a take-off on the Quebec secedes in 1983 thread. One of the big questions about Quebec independence is how to become independent and maintain a strong currency. Would it be possible for an independent Quebec to become the first member of the Eurozone outside of Europe that's not a...
  20. (question) How Religious were the Ottomans in the Balkans?

    Okay, I'm not exactly sure where to pin the level or extent of Ottoman Muslim observance in the conquered Balkan lands. I was always under the impression that the Ottoman leadership was not terribly religious. Rather, their "devotion" to Islam was for the most part driven by the desire to...
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